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Pensions at a Glance Asia/Pacific 2022

Many of Asia’s retirement-income systems are ill prepared for the rapid population ageing that will occur over the next two decades. Asia’s pension systems urgently need to be reformed to ensure that they are both financially sustainable and provide adequate retirement incomes. This report examines the retirement-income systems of 11 non-OECD countries in the region, comparing the results with a selection of OECD countries. The report provides new data for comparing pension systems of different countries. It combines the OECD’s expertise in modelling pension entitlements with a network of national pension experts who provided detailed information at the country level, verified key results and provided feedback and input to improve the analysis.

Published on December 15, 2022Also available in: Korean

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword
Executive summary
Design of pension systems6 chapters available
Architecture of national pension systems
Basic, targeted and minimum pensions
Mandatory earnings-related pensions
Current retirement ages
Future retirement ages
Coverage
Retirement-income indicators6 chapters available
Methodology and assumptions
Gross pension replacement rates
Tax treatment of pensions and pensioners
Net pension replacement rates
Gross pension wealth
Net pension wealth
Demographic and economic context4 chapters available
Fertility
Life expectancy
Demographic old-age to working-age ratio
Average wage
Pensions at a Glance Asia/Pacific: Pension profiles11 chapters available
China
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Viet Nam
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