Malaisie

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysia undertook a series of vigorous reforms, ranging from the improvement of regulatory framework to the digitalisation of the economy, with the aim of boosting productivity. While the protracted pandemic has inevitably stalled reform efforts in many countries, including Malaysia, strengthening the business climate has become all the more important. This will be essential to achieve a robust recovery, accelerate digitalisation, and adopt a new working environment combining productivity and sanitary precautions. This paper discusses: 1) how Malaysia can reinvigorate business dynamism with new regulatory reforms; 2) how it can boost the uptake by businesses of digital solutions; and 3) based on the recent experience of teleworking, how it can prepare an enabling working environment for the digital age.

Comme de nombreux autres pays, la Malaisie a été durement touchée par la pandémie de COVID-19 à partir du début de l’année 2020. La prudence dont elle avait fait preuve antérieurement en matière d’action publique lui a permis de réagir rapidement et énergiquement à la crise sanitaire et économique. Néanmoins, cette crise a révélé la nécessité pour la Malaisie de poursuivre les réformes afin de parvenir à une croissance plus inclusive et forte après la pandémie. Les travailleurs vulnérables ont été davantage affectés par la pandémie, et de nombreuses entreprises ont été appelées à utiliser des outils numériques, tels que le commerce électronique et le télétravail, pour la première fois. Dans les temps à venir, il sera primordial de renforcer la protection sociale pour améliorer le bien-être de la population malaisienne, notamment des travailleurs indépendants, et préparer le pays au vieillissement de la société. Il est crucial d’assouplir encore la réglementation pour renforcer le dynamisme des entreprises et retrouver une croissance vigoureuse. Il sera essentiel d’accélérer la transformation numérique pour que les entreprises malaisiennes puissent devenir plus productives après la pandémie. Parallèlement à la poursuite de son développement économique, la Malaisie doit se transformer en une économie plus verte. THÈMES SPÉCIAUX : RÉGLEMENTATION DES MARCHÉS DE PRODUITS ; TRANSFORMATION NUMÉRIQUE ; TÉLÉTRAVAIL

Comme de nombreux autres pays, la Malaisie a été durement touchée par la pandémie de COVID-19 à partir du début de l’année 2020. La prudence dont elle avait fait preuve antérieurement en matière d’action publique lui a permis de réagir rapidement et énergiquement à la crise sanitaire et économique. Néanmoins, cette crise a révélé la nécessité pour la Malaisie de poursuivre les réformes afin de parvenir à une croissance plus inclusive et forte après la pandémie. Les travailleurs vulnérables ont été davantage affectés par la pandémie, et de nombreuses entreprises ont été appelées à utiliser des outils numériques, tels que le commerce électronique et le télétravail, pour la première fois. Dans les temps à venir, il sera primordial de renforcer la protection sociale pour améliorer le bien-être de la population malaisienne, notamment des travailleurs indépendants, et préparer le pays au vieillissement de la société. Il est crucial d’assouplir encore la réglementation pour renforcer le dynamisme des entreprises et retrouver une croissance vigoureuse. Il sera essentiel d’accélérer la transformation numérique pour que les entreprises malaisiennes puissent devenir plus productives après la pandémie. Parallèlement à la poursuite de son développement économique, la Malaisie doit se transformer en une économie plus verte. THÈMES SPÉCIAUX : RÉGLEMENTATION DES MARCHÉS DE PRODUITS ; TRANSFORMATION NUMÉRIQUE ; TÉLÉTRAVAIL

Regulation is one of the key tools governments can use to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and move towards recovery. While the pandemic underscores the need for well-designed, evidence-based regulatory policies, the extraordinary pressures it imposed often forced governments to shorten procedures and launch new forms of co-ordination to urgently pass regulatory measures. This can make regulatory policy making more challenging, but also provides opportunities to innovate. This policy brief analyses how Southeast Asian (SEA) countries approached these challenges and opportunities, and shares lessons learned and practices among the SEA and OECD communities.

This review analyses regulatory barriers to competition in the logistics sector in Malaysia, with the goal of helping the government make regulation more pro-competitive while fostering long-lasting growth. This report is based on a competition assessment of laws and regulations conducted by the OECD in the framework of the project 'Fostering Competition in Asean'. Besides developing recommendations to promote the competitive and efficient functioning of markets under review, this report also includes estimates of how the implementation of certain recommendations could impact the economy. An OECD Competitive Neutrality Review of Small-package Delivery Services in Malaysia was launched together with this study.

This review analyses regulatory barriers to competition in the logistics sector in ASEAN, with the goal of helping authorities make regulation more pro-competitive while fostering long-lasting growth. This report is based on a competition assessment of laws and regulations conducted by the OECD in the framework of the project 'Fostering Competition in Asean'. Besides developing recommendations to promote the competitive and efficient functioning of markets under review, this report also includes estimates of how the implementation of certain recommendations could impact the economy. An OECD Competitive Neutrality Review of Small-package Delivery Services in ASEAN was launched together with this study.

With only a decade left to reduce emissions drastically, the scale, pace and extent of global transformation needed is truly demanding. Long-term emission goals and the nature of the low-emission transition in each country will be a function of its unique socio-economic priorities, capabilities, resource endowment, vision for post 2050 economic structure, and social and political acceptability of what constitutes a just transition. As we enter the 'decade for delivery', a whole of economy approach is needed to realise the low-emission transition. This includes focusing not only on upscaling zero and near-zero emitting technologies and businesses but also supporting, to the extent possible, the progressive lowering of emissions in high emitting and hard to abate sectors. In this context, 'transition finance' is gaining traction among governments and market participants. To identify the core features of transition finance, this paper reviews 12 transition relevant taxonomies, guidance and principles by public (Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Russia, European Union, EBRD) and private actors (Climate Bonds Initiative, International Capital Markets Association, Research Institute for Environmental Finance Japan, AXA Investment Managers and DBS), as well as 39 transition relevant financial instruments (vanilla transition bonds, key performance indicator-linked fixed income securities). This paper does not aim to define transition finance, but rather to review emerging approaches and instruments to highlight commonalities, divergences as well as issues to consider for coherent market development and progress towards global environmental objectives. Based on the review, this paper puts forth two preliminary views. First, that the essence of transition finance is triggering entity-wide change to reduce exposure to transition risk; second, that transition finance may be better understood as capital market instruments with a set of core functions/attributes rather than a specific format or label.

The world is increasingly facing a technologically changing employment landscape and such changes are directly affecting the future demand for skills. For regional economies built on labour migration, the impending changes will affect migrants and their families, their countries of origin and the recruitment systems they are attached to – and ultimately disrupt the development benefits of migration. This paper investigates how the future of the employment landscape will affect migration within the Abu Dhabi Dialogue, a regional consultative process for migration in Asia. It investigates the impending changes in the demand for skills in countries of destination, how such changes will affect migration processes and whether countries of origin are ready for the changes. It provides recommendations on how regional consultative processes can foster dialogue between key actors from both countries of origin and destination to better navigate future changes and ensure a smooth transition.