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Reports


  • 18-October-2022

    English

    The past and future of subnational fiscal rules - An analysis of fiscal rules over time

    Fiscal rules are increasingly used at state and local levels to promote fiscal sustainability in OECD countries. Following the Global Financial Crisis, multiple reforms to fiscal rule frameworks were made so that governments could better tackle crises and build buffers for future downturns. This paper examines recent trends in the adoption of fiscal rules across levels of government and empirically assesses their effects with the purpose of providing lessons for the post-COVID-19 period. Beyond addressing the deterioration in public finances after the pandemic, the challenges include addressing the impact of population ageing, climate change and the energy transition, as well as growing regional inequalities. Evolution of the rules employed at the central level are contrasted to those at the subnational levels, including design features and institutional elements, together with their goals and limitations.

  • 5-October-2022

    English

    Environmental social and governance (ESG) investing

    Forms of sustainable finance have grown rapidly in recent years, as a growing number of institutional investors and funds now incorporate various ESG investing approaches. This page provides access to OECD work on monitoring developments in ESG rating and investing.

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  • 3-October-2022

    English

    OECD Guidance on Transition Finance - Ensuring Credibility of Corporate Climate Transition Plans

    This guidance sets out elements of credible corporate climate transition plans, which aim to align with the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. Such plans are needed to address the growing risk of greenwashing in transition finance and facilitate a global, whole-of-economy climate transition. Based on extensive stakeholder consultations, including an industry survey, the guidance provides market actors, policy makers, and regulators with a comprehensive overview of existing transition finance approaches, identifying the main challenges and solutions. The guidance is relevant to: (i) policy-makers and regulators seeking to develop or revise relevant policy frameworks or regulations; (ii) corporates developing transition plans and seeking to identify the most salient elements of existing initiatives; and (iii) financial market participants planning to provide finance for the implementation of net-zero strategies. The guidance emphasises greater transparency, comparability and granularity in corporate transition plans, and the need for adequate environmental and social safeguards. In light of challenges for some corporates, especially in emerging markets and developing economies, and the risk of excluding key actors from transition finance, the guidance highlights the need for policy-makers to take stronger action to bolster domestic enabling environments for transformative investments.

  • 27-September-2022

    English

    Business Integrity in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 2022

    This study analyses the measures taken by governments, companies and business associations to prevent corruption in business transactions. It compares current trends to the 2016 study and in doing so, identifies areas of progress or lack thereof and updates policy recommendations to support good practices in business integrity.

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  • 22-September-2022

    French, PDF, 812kb

    Working Group on Bribery 2021 Annual Report French

    En assurant le suivi de la mise en œuvre de la Convention, le Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales est en première ligne des efforts déployés au niveau mondial pour lutter contre l’une des principales sources de corruption. Ce rapport sert de mise à jour annuel qui met en évidence les activités du Groupe de travail.

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  • 22-September-2022

    English, PDF, 585kb

    Working Group on Bribery 2021 Annual Report

    The OECD Working Group on Bribery, the custodian of the Anti-Bribery Convention, is leading global efforts to fight bribery of foreign public officials in international trade and investment. This report serves as an annual update from the OECD Working Group on Bribery that highlights its 2021 activities and achievements.

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  • 8-September-2022

    English

    Framework for industry’s net-zero transition - Developing financing solutions in emerging and developing economies

    The manufacturing industry is a major source of global carbon dioxide emissions. Industrial production will continue to shift to emerging and developing economies. New investments are needed in low-carbon technologies to align industry’s growth with countries’ net-zero emission targets. In order to reduce the risks associated with the high cost and low maturity of the many needed low-carbon technologies, scaling up finance from both public and private financial sources will be crucial. OECD’s new 'Framework for industry’s net-zero transition' is a step-by-step approach to assist emerging and developing economies in designing solutions for financing and to improve the enabling conditions that can accelerate industry’s transition. Outcomes of the Framework implementation in emerging and developing economies will contribute to the broader climate and finance policies and it can help to facilitate international co-operation for transition at scale.
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  • 23-August-2022

    English

    Responsible business conduct in the financial sector

    Promoting responsible business conduct in the financial sector is vital to building a sustainable global economy. Although the Guidelines’ due diligence recommendations can help financial institutions, the inherent complexities in the sector create challenges. This paper highlights key considerations for institutional investors in carrying out due diligence that will help to identify and respond to environmental and social risks.

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  • 29-July-2022

    English

    OECD Investment Policy Reviews

    These country reports present an overview of investment trends and policies in the countries reviewed. This can include investment policy, investment promotion and facilitation, infrastructure, competition policy, trade policy, tax policy, corporate governance, responsible business conduct, public governance, and human resources.

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  • 29-July-2022

    English

    OECD Investment Policy Review: Bulgaria

    This review assesses the climate for domestic and foreign investment in Bulgaria and discusses the challenges and opportunities faced by the government of Bulgaria in its reform efforts. Capitalising on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, the review includes chapters on trends in foreign investment and their socio-economic benefits, foreign investor entry and operations, the legal and institutional framework for investment protection, investment promotion and facilitation, public governance, and policies to promote and enable responsible business conduct. The review then highlights potential reform priorities to help Bulgaria fulfil development ambitions that align with its commitment to comply with the principles of openness, transparency and non-discrimination as a new Adherent to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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