Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2016
One of the largest economies in the world, Japan has long been a major consumer and
importer of energy and a recognised leader in energy technology development. Japan’s
energy policy has been dominated in recent years by its efforts to overcome the fallout
from the 2011 earthquake and the subsequent Fukushima nuclear accident. One consequence
of the accident was a gradual shutdown of all nuclear power plants, which has led
to a significant rise in fossil fuels use, increased fuel imports and rising carbon
dioxide emissions. It has also brought electricity prices to unsustainable levels.
Faced with these challenges, the government of Japan has revised its energy policy
in recent years to focus on further diversifying its energy mix (less use of fossil
fuels, more reliance on renewable energy, restarting nuclear plants when declared
safe) and curbing carbon emissions. Building on these plans, Japan has outlined ambitious
goals to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 26% between 2013 and 2030.
This emissions reduction commitment requires a balancing act between energy security,
economic efficiency, environmental protection and safety. This International Energy
Agency (IEA) review of Japan’s policies highlights three areas that are critical to
its success: energy efficiency, increasing renewable energy supply and restarting
nuclear power generation. The IEA encourages Japan to increase low-carbon sources
of power supply. It also recognises that nuclear power can only be restored provided
that the highest safety standards are met and the critical issues following the Fukushima
accident are addressed, including decontaminating areas affected by the radioactive
release and regaining public trust.
This review analyses the energy policy challenges facing Japan and provides recommendations
for further policy improvements. It is intended to help guide the country towards
a more secure, sustainable and affordable energy future.
Published on September 30, 2016
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