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Reports


  • 8-March-2024

    English

    Voices in Europe - Experiences, Hopes and Aspirations of Forcibly Displaced Persons from Ukraine

    Since the onset of Russia’s large-scale war against Ukraine, millions of people have been forced to flee their homes in search of a safe haven. This report synthesises the findings of the Survey of Arriving Migrants from Ukraine (SAM-UKR), conducted by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) in collaboration with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), covering prevailing themes of forced displacement from Ukraine. These themes encompass demographics, reasons for departure, experiences along the journey, life in the host country, return intentions, and future aspirations. In addition to presenting survey results, the report draws on over 1 500 personal testimonies provided by respondents to offer a more direct insight into the decision-making process and emotional state of displaced persons, thereby illuminating their struggles, anxieties, hopes, and aspirations resulting from their displacement.
  • 7-février-2024

    Français

    Personnels de santé

    Les personnels de santé sont essentiels pour assurer l'accès à des soins de qualité pour toute la population. Le travail de l'OCDE examine les tendances et les priorités en ce qui concerne les politiques en matière de personnels de santé dans les pays de l'OCDE.

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  • 31-January-2024

    English

    Return, Reintegration and Re-migration - Understanding Return Dynamics and the Role of Family and Community

    Return migration has emerged as a critical policy concern for both destination and origin countries. While policy attention in destination countries has been focused on assisted voluntary return and reintegration (AVRR) programs, particularly for migrants with expulsion orders, these efforts represent only a fraction of broader return movements. This report, based on a project carried out by the OECD with support from the German Corporation for International Co-operation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH – GIZ), commissioned by the Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation and Development, analyses the scope and characteristics of different categories of return migration. The report draws on three workshops, held in Tunis, Rabat and Brussels, that discussed return migration in different contexts. It examines the multiple factors that influence migrants' decisions to return to their countries of origin and their reintegration at home, including the role of family and community. The report emphasises the pre-existing structures and networks of returning migrants in origin countries and their role in supporting different types of return migrants. The report also looks at potential re-migration.
  • 19-janvier-2024

    Français

    L’insécurité économique en Europe et ses remèdes possibles

    Avec les mutations économiques et technologiques enregistrées au cours des dernières décennies, les perspectives économiques individuelles sont aujourd’hui plus incertaines qu’autrefois. La présente synthèse résume les principales conclusions du rapport Un équilibre précaire ? Instabilité des revenus et insécurité économique en Europe, le premier produit par l’Observatoire de l’OCDE sur la mobilité sociale et l’égalité des chances. Ses auteurs ont fait appel à des techniques innovantes pour identifier les catégories de population en situation d’insécurité économique dans les pays européens de l’OCDE – autrement dit celles qui sont les plus exposées et les plus vulnérables à l’instabilité des revenus – et pour déterminer comment l’évolution des revenus et l’insécurité économique influencent les conditions de vie des individus, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. Il passe également en revue une série de mesures propres à rendre la protection sociale plus réactive afin d’améliorer le soutien apporté à ceux dont les revenus sont instables et étudient des solutions qui permettraient d’aider ceux que l’insécurité économique guette plus particulièrement à constituer des réserves financières.
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  • 22-November-2023

    English

    Misuse of Citizenship and Residency by Investment Programmes

    Citizenship and residency by investment (CBI/RBI) programmes are government-administered programmes that grant citizenship or residency to foreign investors by expediting or bypassing normal migration processes. These programmes can help spur economic growth through foreign direct investment, but they are also attractive to criminals and corrupt officials seeking to evade justice and launder the proceeds of crime reaching into the billions of dollars. This report highlights how CBI programmes can allow criminals more global mobility and help them hide their identity and criminal activities behind shell companies in other jurisdictions. It highlights the vulnerabilities of these complex and international investment migration programmes, including the frequent use of intermediaries, involvement of multiple government agencies, abuse by professional enablers and lack of proper governance of the CBI/RBI programmes. The report proposes measures and examples of good practice, that can help policy makers and those responsible for managing the investment migration programmes address these risks. These include an in-depth analysis and understanding of how criminals can exploit CBI or RBI programmes and incorporating risk mitigation measures, such as multi-layer due diligence, in the design of the investment migration programme.
  • 21-November-2023

    English

    Examining recent mortality trends - The impact of demographic change

    The pandemic resulted in a significant increase in the number of deaths in many OECD countries. With detailed data now available by age and sex, this OECD Health Working Paper examines the trends and differences in mortality patterns over the three-year span of the pandemic. While a simple comparison of the raw number of deaths with reference to a historical base period has proved to be an important and straightforward indicator to assess the overall impact of the pandemic, most OECD countries have undergone major changes in population size and structure. This paper reviews the methodology of calculating changes in mortality to take account of such demographic trends and, in producing a revised set of estimates using adjusted numbers of deaths, highlights some important variations in mortality across years, countries and age groups.
  • 23-octobre-2023

    Français

    Perspectives des migrations internationales 2023

    L'édition 2023 des Perspectives des migrations internationales analyse les évolutions récentes des mouvements migratoires et de l'insertion des immigrés sur le marché du travail dans les pays de l'OCDE. Elle observe également les changements récents en matière de politiques migratoires et d'intégration dans les pays de l'OCDE. Cette édition comprend deux chapitres spéciaux sur l'intégration des mères migrantes sur le marché du travail et sur la fécondité des populations migrantes dans les pays de l'OCDE. Les Perspectives comprennent également des notes par pays et une annexe statistique détaillée.
  • 11-September-2023

    English

    Immigration and employment dynamics in European regions

    This paper provides novel evidence on the regional impact of immigration on native employment in a cross-country framework based on rich European Labour Force Surveys and past censuses data for 2010-2019. The paper finds a modest average impact of the rise in the share of immigrants across European regions on the employment-to-population rate of natives, but highly uneven effects over time and across workers and regions. The short-run estimates show adverse employment effects in response to immigration that nevertheless disappear in the longer run. High-school or less educated native workers experience employment losses due to immigration, whereas higher educated workers are more likely to experience employment gains. Moreover, the presence of institutions providing strict employment protection and high coverage of collective wage agreements exert a protective effect on native employment. Finally, the paper finds that regions experiencing strong growth can absorb immigrant workers, resulting in little or no effect on the native workforce, including in the short-run.
  • 28-June-2023

    English

    Skills and Labour Market Integration of Immigrants and their Children in Flanders

    Flanders experienced large inflows of immigrants over the past decade, coming from an increasingly diverse range of countries, with growth rates outpacing the Netherlands, France and Germany, as well as Belgium as a whole. While integration outcomes have improved in recent years, some of the core indicators remain unfavourable in international comparison, especially for non-EU immigrant women, refugees, and youth with migrant parents. Against this backdrop, Flanders has developed a comprehensive integration policy. This review, the fourth in the series Working Together for Integration, provides an in-depth analysis of the Flemish integration system, highlighting its strengths, weaknesses, and potential areas for improvement. Earlier reviews in this series looked at integration in Sweden (2016), Finland (2018) and Norway (2022).
  • 15-juin-2023

    Français

    Les indicateurs de l’intégration des immigrés 2023 - Trouver ses marques

    Cette publication réalisée conjointement par l’OCDE et la Commission européenne présente une comparaison internationale approfondie des résultats des immigrés et de leurs enfants en matière d’intégration pour l’ensemble des pays de l’UE et de l’OCDE, ainsi que certains autres pays sélectionnés. Il comprend 83 indicateurs organisés autour de trois grands thèmes : marché du travail et compétences, conditions de vie, engagement civique et intégration sociale. La publication propose également des données détaillées sur les caractéristiques des populations immigrées et des ménages immigrés. Trois chapitres spéciaux sont enfin consacrés aux résultats d’intégration de groupes spécifiques : les immigrés âgés, les jeunes de parents nés à l’étranger, et les ressortissants de pays tiers dans l’Union européenne et dans les pays européens de l’OCDE.
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