OECD Climate Change

Mitigating emissions to tackle climate change

The OECD is working with Member and Partner countries as well as other international and regional organisations, to identify and evaluate economically efficient and socially responsible policy pathways to achieve net-zero emissions at the global, national and city/regional level. This work can draw on a rich set of OECD tools and expertise in policy advice across all relevant areas of government and sectors of the economy, to support countries for the significant policy reform required to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.

Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches

The Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches (IFCMA) is an initiative designed to help improve the global impact of emissions reduction efforts around the world through better data and information sharing, evidence-based mutual learning and inclusive multilateral dialogue. It brings together all relevant policy perspectives from a diverse range of countries from around the world, participating on an equal footing basis, to take stock of and consider the effectiveness of different carbon mitigation approaches.

Carbon pricing and fossil fuel subsidies

Carbon pricing and taxation of energy use

The OECD measures carbon prices applicable to CO2-emissions from energy use in 44 OECD and G20 countries, covering around 80% of CO2-emssions from energy use. It also tracks taxes on energy use in those countries and in a selection of developing and emerging economies. 

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Fossil fuel subsidies reform

The production of fossil fuels continues to be supported via tax incentives in many countries across the globe, as well as policies that keep consumer prices artificially low. In order to reduce fossil fuel use and avoid locking in fossil-fuel based capacity, reforms need to be accelerated.

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Carbon markets

Market-based instruments, such as cap-and-trade emission trading schemes, are crucial to price carbon emissions and keep the costs of climate action low. A cap-and-trade scheme enables emitters to trade allowances for the right to emit up to their allowed limit or "cap".

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An integrated approach

Resilient, green and low-carbon cities

Countries, regions and cities must work together to tackle climate change. Cities can provide concrete solutions to addressing climate change, and demonstrate strong leadership in setting bold sustainability and CO2 reduction targets. 

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Climate change and food systems

The OECD identifies policy solutions that can unlock the large mitigation potential of food production, while helping to minimise the economic impacts on the agri-food sectors and consumers.

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Innovation and technology

Embracing new technologies that enable drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will be a crucial element to a successful transition. Innovation is increasingly directed towards climate change-related technologies.

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